در برنامه ی زنده ای از شبکه سحر به زبان ساده با استفاده از مدلهای روز جهان که در کسب و کارها استفاده می شود در پی آن هستیم که به خانواده ها در مدیریت اقتصاد (منابع) خانواده کمک شود. در جلسه دوم این برنامه با رویکرد اقتضایی به چند سناریو پرداخته شد و کوشیده شد مراتب مدیریت اقتصاد خانواده تشریح و تبین شود.
مدیریت اقتصاد (منابع) خانواده
خساست و سخت گیری یا آگاهی فرحبخش
قرار شده است یک چهارشنبه در میان، از ساعت ۱۸ تا حوالی ۱۹ به صورت زنده در برنامه HƏYAT AYNASI (آینه زندگی) در شبکه بروزن مرزی #سحر۳ ذیل مفهوم #مدیریت_اقتصاد_خانواده با ترجمه همزمان نکاتی را با مخاطبین آذری زبان درمیان بگذارم. امهات مواردی که در #جلسه_دوم این دوره (٩۶/۵/٢۵) طرح شد به این قرار بود. فایل تصویری این برنامه را می توانید درسایت خود شبکه سحر یا کانال آپاراتی بنده مشاهده کنید.
در ابتدا نظر شما را به عنوان نمونه به پنج سناریو جلب می کنم: (تاکید می شود که طرح هر مثال فقط جنبه #توصیفی دارد و نه #تجویزی و در این جا به دنبال انتقاد به یا دفاع از سبک زندگی خاصی نیستیم!)
:house: خانواده ای برای خرید یک خانه بزرگ متحمل وام و قرضهای سنگین شده اند و برای جبران آن مجبورند روزی ده دوازده ساعت کار کنند و با کلی خستگی و دلواپسی به خانه باز گردند.
:baby:? بخش بزرگی از درآمد اعضای یک خانواده صرف مهدکودک فرزندشان می شود.
:iphone:کسی گوشی هوشمندی خریده است که هیچگاه از امکانات مازاد آن به هر دلیل استفاده نمی کند.
:blue_car: خانواده را در نظر بگیرید که بیش از نیمی از کل ارزش داراییشان به یک اتومبیل تعلق دارد.
:elephant: بخش زیادی از فضای یک خانه صرف وسایلی شده است که کمتر یا گاهی هیچگاه مورد استفاده قرار نمی گیرد!
همین سناریو را دنبال می کنیم! یک خانه هفتاد متری به ارزش ٣٠٠م تومان را در نظر بگیرید که سه متر آن (١٢م تومان) توسط یک میز ناهارخوری به ارزش ١م تومان اشغال شده است که ﺳﺎﻟﻲ یکبار هم استفاده نمی شود! با فرض اینکه هزینه نامشهود دیگری نداشته باشیم اگر این مبلغ را در بانک سپرده کنیم سالیانه چیزی به اندازه همان سه برابر آن میز و دهها فرصتی که میشود از آن فضا کرد را را از دست می دهیم (تحلیل هزینه)
نظر شما در این باره چیست؟
پیشنهاد می شود که از این به بعد به پرسشها با عبارت طلایی: ((بستگی دارد به!)) چشم بسته پاسخ بگوییم و با این تاخیر افکندن، تحلیل بیشتر و عمیقتری داشته باشیم. این پاسخ از پارادایمی بر می آید که در ادبیات مدیریت رویکرد #اقتضایی خوانده می شود!
برای تحلیل جامع و دقیق تر باید تحلیل فایده نیز کنیم! فرض کنید در همان سناریو انگیزه کسی از نگهداری این میز آن باشد که دلش نمی آید میز را بیرون بیاندازد! چون مثلا این میز را گران خریده است! اما او متفطن نیست که سالیانه ٣م تومان برای نگهداری دارای مستهلک شونده ای که امروز ١م تومان بها دارد، هزینه می کند! تکلیف این سناریو تا اینجا روشن است! اما بگذارید یک فایده نامشهود به آن بیافزاییم و آن را مجدد تحلیل کنیم! فرض کنید که برای دارنده دیگری این میز یک میز نوستالژیک است و او را یادهزاران خاطره می اندازد! او برای استفاده از آن فضا گزینه بهتری نیز ندارد و داشتن این میز برای او بیش از ٣م تومان در سال می ارزد! حال نتیجه هزینه-فایده چه می شود؟
خانوارها در انجام مدیریت منابع خانواده سه سطح را می گذرانند:
:weary: آشوبناکی: در این مرحله خانواده بدون مطمح نظر قراردادن هدفی منابع خود را مصروف می کند و از این کار دستاوردهایی که مدنظر دارد مانند شعف و شادمانی را استحصال نمی کند. روز به روز که می گذرد اعضا از خود می پرسند که با وجود این همه سخت کوشی و تلاش چرا حال ما به صورت فزاینده ای خراب و خراب تر می شود!
:bulb: انتقادی: در مرتبه بعدی خانوارها کم کم می کوشند قبل از هر تصمیمی یا ارزیابی هر وضعیت موجودی، هزینه – فایده کنند و سعی کنند ببینند آیا گزینه های بهتری داشته و به آن نپرداخته اند یا ادامه وضعیت موجود عقلانی است!؟
:relaxed: مدیریت واقعی اقتصاد خانواده: که در آن هر تصمیم ربط و نسبت آن با اهداف و چشم اندازهای خانواده روشن می شود. تلاش می شود در کنار هر گزینه چند گزینه جانشین دیگر ملحوظ شود تا بتوان تصمیم بهتری گرفت. این به این معنا نیست که خانواده ای که در این مرحله قرار دارد اشتباه نمی کند! بلکه این خانواده در تصمیمی حتی اشتباه، آگاهانه عمل کرده است و اشتباه را تکرار نمی کند و با چرخه خوداصلاح PDCA که شرح آن در جلسه قبل رفت، روز به روز به نیل به چشم انداز خود و تجربه حال خوب بیشتر و بیشتر نزدیک می شود!
:warning: تفکر عملی است که به دلیل مشقت و ایجاد مسئولیتی که دارد قریب ما از آن گریزانیم. ما ترجیح می دهیم بدون صرف دقایقی سریع تصمیم بگیریم یا اصلا تصمیم نگیریم و آن را به دیگری واگذاریم و سالها از آن پشیمان باشیم! مدیریت منابع خانواده مانند رانندگی ابتدا کار دشواری می نماید اما لازم است شروع کنیم تا بعد از مدتی کیلومترها رانده باشیم بدون اینکه یادمان بیاید کی دنده را عوض کرده ایم! وقتی رانندگی یادگرفته ایم که آب در دل مسافرین تکان نخورد و ما نیز برای انجام رانندگی دچار ملالت و تکلف نشویم!
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